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Earth's atmosphere exerts pressure because gravity acts on the huge number of gas particles contained in the atmosphere, holding it in place. The standard pressure of \(760 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg}\) can be considered to have three significant figures.As stated in the kinetic-molecular theory, the temperature of a substance is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles of that substance. Arrange the marbles to show the three phases of water. The observed effect, r = 0.36, was of medium size. C. the mass of the particles. If the person were holding a heavy object, the pressure would increase because of a greater force. Kinetic molecular theory is useful in describing the properties of solids, liquids and gases at the molecular level. Everest (at an elevation of \(8848 \: \text{m}\)), the air pressure is \(253 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg}\). Eventually, one would expect the particles to stop moving completely.

solid, liquid and gas), and how matter can change from one phase to the next. The kinetic particle theory explains the properties of solids, liquids and gases.
A similar model can be applied to liquids, but it must take into account the nonzero volumes of particles and the presence of strong intermolecular attractive forces.

There are energy changes when changes in state occur. They vibrate in fixed positions.

3.2 The kinetic molecular theory (ESAAL). At higher altitudes, the atmospheric pressure is lower, so the column of mercury will not rise as high. Pressure is also exerted by small samples of gas, such as the outward pressure exerted by the gas inside a balloon.

However, the theory is most easily understood as it applies to gases.

Use marbles (or playdough or clay) to represent water molecules.

However, some of the particles have kinetic energies a great deal lower or a great deal higher than the average (see figure below).The blue curve shown (see figure above) is for a sample of matter at a relatively low temperature, while the red curve is for a sample at a relatively high temperature. Most of the particles have a kinetic energy near the middle of the range. 40 025704 View the article online for updates and enhancements. Join thousands of learners improving their science marks online with Siyavula Practice.Broadly, the kinetic theory of matter says that all matter is composed of Low energy - particles vibrate around a fixed point.Particles have more energy than in the solid phase but less than in the gas phase.Particles have high energy and are constantly moving.Very little space between particles.

That pressure is related to both the mass of the person and the surface area of his feet.

When a substance is heated, some of the absorbed energy is stored within the particles, while some of the energy increases the speeds at which the particles are moving. We will describe these by their general motion and amounts of kinetic energy as follows. The \[1 \: \text{atm} = 760 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg} = 760 \: \text{torr} = 101.3 \: \text{kPa}\]The atmospheric pressure in a mountainous location is measured to be \(613 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg}\). to personalise content to better meet the needs of our users. The kinetic theory of matter helps us to explain why matter exists in different phases (i.e.

B. Rahimi and H. Struchtrup, Macroscopic and kinetic modelling of rarefied polyatomic gases, Journal of … What is this pressure in \(\text{atm}\) and in \(\text{kPa}\)?Use conversion factors from the equivalent pressure units to convert from \(\text{mm} \: \ce{Hg}\) to \(\text{atm}\) and from \(\text{mm} \: \ce{Hg}\) to \(\text{kPa}\).\[613 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg} \times \frac{1 \: \text{atm}}{760 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg}} = 0.807 \: \text{atm} \nonumber\]\[613 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg} \times \frac{101.3 \: \text{kPa}}{760 \: \text{mm} \: \ce{Hg}} = 81.7 \: \text{kPa} \nonumber\]The air pressure is about \(80\%\) of the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level. Kinetic Theory: Classical, Quantum, and Relativistic Descriptions, third edition (Springer). Discuss the properties of each of the phases and the processes and energy in changing from the one phase to the other.

It is important to realise that what we will go on to describe is only a theory. In both cases, most of the particles have intermediate kinetic energies, close to the average. [ "article:topic", "kinetic molecular theory", "barometer", "authorname:soulta", "showtoc:no", "transcluded:yes", "source-chem-58818" ][ "article:topic", "kinetic molecular theory", "barometer", "authorname:soulta", "showtoc:no", "transcluded:yes", "source-chem-58818" ]
Instead, the particles display a wide range of kinetic energies.

R. L. Liboff (2003). At room temperature, the molecules in a sample of liquid water have the same average kinetic energy as the molecules in a sample of oxygen gas or the ions in a sample of sodium chloride.As a sample of matter is continually cooled, the average kinetic energy of its particles decreases.
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